Iliev, G. DMD*, Pavlova, J. DMD, PhD**, Filtchev, D. DMD, PhD **,

Rangelov, S.***, Kocheva, B.***, Dimova, M.***, Nasiv-Macci, S.***,

Filtchev, A. DMD, PhD, DSc ****

The main purpose of esthetic dental treatment is achieving a beautiful smile. One of the biggest challenges to the clini- cian is to re-create the expectations and desires of the pa- tient in natural forms of the teeth that are orderly in optimal harmonic unity.

Purpose: The main challenge in that research is the analysis of the harmonic unity between widths, heights and areas of maxillary frontal teeth in the natural dentition. Also to be de- fined the proportional ratios between them. Knowing those proportions we can create a frame of the smile in a natural harmony with the face.

Material: 74 students have been examined in the research, 38 men and 36 women, all of them study in the faculty of dental medicine, Medical university of Sofia, their age is be- tween 18 and 30 years. The selected students are with pre- served natural dentition, without gingival recessions, ortho- dontic anomalies and prosthetic restorations in the frontal area of upper and lower jaw. 148 tooth segments have been measured from upper jaw, left and right.

Method: A photography in full-face has been taken of eve- ry examined person with retracted lips under standardized conditions. The pictures are processed with Autocad 2014 program. They are inscribed in a standard frame in such a way that teeth in the frontal area to the distal surfaces of the second premolars to be placed in the frame.

The following calculations have been made:

1. It is calculated a coefficient of deformation and the real size of the teeth is determined.
2. Calculated are the areas of the rectangles teeth are in- scribed in.
3. The ratios between maxillary frontal teeth are determined:

§ Widths: central/lateral and canine/lateral

§ Heights: central/lateral and canine/lateral

§ Areas: central/lateral and canine/lateral

Results: Three types of dominance are found in the natural dentition: low, medium and high. Their characteristics and average parameters are determined, separately for women and men.

Conclusion: The most common dominance both in men and women is found to be the medium dominance with the fol- lowing definition:

The medium (normal) dominance is the proportional ratio of maxillary upper frontal teeth: central incisor: lateral inci- sor: canine when their parameters relate as follows:

• In women: width/height of central incisor – 95.34 %; Widths: 1.52:1:0.83; Heights: 1.14:1:1.01; Areas: 1.74:1:0.83
• In men: width/height of central incisor – 91.49 %; Widths: 1.54:1:0.85; Heights: 1.16:1:1.05; Areas: 1.79:1:0.91

The established proportions can be used like a landmark when re-creating the optimal esthetic correlations of the teeth in the frontal area when performing esthetic restora- tions.

Key words: Maxillary frontal teeth, dominance, proportions

Download the full paper.